Docs/Concepts/Device Lifecycle

Device Lifecycle

In one sentence

A user's first successful login binds their phone to their account. From then on only that phone can complete their location factor, until you replace it or revoke it.

Binding is what upgrades LFA from "a phone in the region" to "this user's phone in the region": presence and possession. Without it, anyone with the app inside the geofence could complete anyone's location factor. With it, the factor is pinned to the device the user enrolled.

The current model is deliberately simple: one bound device per user, per client.


Enrollment: the first login

Nothing to administer. During a user's first login:

  1. The app creates a signing key in the phone's secure hardware and has Apple App Attest certify it to LFA (device enrollment).
  2. Your token exchange supplies octet_user_id, and LFA binds the enrolled device to that user. The first device for a user is bound automatically.

Every later login checks one thing: is this the device bound to this user? The same phone means nothing to do, ever.

Broker clients bind to a different identifier

The step above is the direct path: your OIDC client sends octet_user_id on the RP-authenticated token exchange. If you integrate through an identity broker (Okta, Microsoft Entra ID, Auth0), the broker runs a fixed standard token exchange and cannot add octet_user_id. Instead, the bind user is the login_hint carried inside the broker's signed authorization request. LFA verifies that request against the broker's pinned keys, so the device binds to the authenticated hint, never a raw front-channel value. See Okta Integration for setup. The rest of this page applies to both, with the device-replacement difference called out below.

Replacing a phone

If the user still controls their account, let them replace the device themselves. After your own re-verification step (a step-up you trust, and the moment an account-takeover attempt would strike), send one extra field on the token exchange:

octet_device_enroll=true

LFA revokes the old device and binds the new one, atomically. Without the flag, a new device claiming an already-bound user is rejected (invalid_grant). That rejection is the protection, so gate the flag behind real verification, not a self-serve checkbox.

Broker clients cannot replace a device this way

octet_device_enroll rides on the direct token exchange, and brokers cannot add fields to it, so enrollment is forced off for broker clients. When a broker user gets a new phone, their next login is rejected (invalid_grant) and stays rejected until you clear the old binding with POST /v1/device/revoke (below). After the revoke, the next login TOFU-binds the new phone automatically. No flag, no further action.

A lost or stolen phone

Revoke the binding server-side, immediately. No login flow is required:

curl -s https://factor.octetproof.com/v1/device/revoke \
  -d client_id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID \
  -d client_secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET \
  -d octet_user_id=usr_1234

From that moment the revoked phone is denied at proof submission, regardless of where it is or what it can prove. When the user signs in on a replacement phone, it binds automatically. A revoked device no longer counts as a live one, so no octet_device_enroll flag is needed.

This endpoint works for both direct and broker clients, and it is the only device-recovery path for a broker. Since brokers cannot send octet_device_enroll, an admin revoke is how a broker user moves to a new phone. The identifier you pass is the same one the device is bound to: your octet_user_id for a direct client, or the signed-request login_hint for a broker client.

What each rejection means

Error Meaning What to do
invalid_request (octet_user_id is required) A direct token exchange omitted the user identifier Send octet_user_id on every exchange
invalid_grant (this device is bound to a different user) The phone that proved presence belongs to another account The user must use their own enrolled phone
invalid_grant (a new device requires enrollment) The user already has a bound device and this is a different one Direct: re-verify the user, then retry with octet_device_enroll=true. Broker: revoke the old binding with POST /v1/device/revoke, then the next login binds the new phone

Scoping

Bindings are per client. A phone used with two of your clients (or with two different Octet customers) has independent bindings, and the user identifiers you send are never visible across clients. See Trust & Privacy.

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